New energy automotive industry’s rapid development, led the domestic auto business investment boom lithium batteries, and battery manufacturers are multinational companies with vehicle joint venture, signed a supply contract or cooperate with the auto parts manufacturers access to customers and other into the Chinese market.
Compared with foreign-funded enterprises, Chinese enterprises have the capacity, the industry chain, and policy support has some advantages, but the foreign-funded enterprises in the core materials, product segmentation, production process, more mature. The future, other countries, the excess capacity lithium battery car will accelerate to enter China, the face of fierce competition and has just started the domestic auto battery market, domestic manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers should strengthen other industries outside the chain of cooperative R & D enterprises, while diversified breakdown products.
China’s auto market situation lithium batteries Inspiron 1525 battery
New energy vehicles battery [1] mainly nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries, nickel-hydrogen battery at present China-developed hybrid vehicles, lithium battery vehicle development still in its infancy. Ni-MH battery manufacturing hybrid vehicle is classified as a mature product, allowing use in nationwide sales, while the lithium battery manufacturer’s hybrid, pure electric cars are only a limited area trial (2010) [2]. As the high cost, large size lithium VGP-BPS8 battery is still mainly used in electric bicycles and public transport vehicles.
BYD, BAK, power of God and other domestic companies have started production of automotive lithium batteries. Lishen miles with U.S. joint venture company for the U.S. to provide Coda brand car batteries, the order of about 2010, 3000. BYD introduced in 2010 on the use of E6 electric car batteries to their production Hp Compaq NW8240 battery .
In the Chinese market, the potential has not yet released automotive lithium batteries, yet can not say with overcapacity. And non-plug-in hybrids compared to power plug-in hybrid vehicles and pure electric cars to the greater demand for lithium batteries. Chinese companies to actively promote the use of lithium battery electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles in China is expected to become the fastest-growing country. January 2010, the public Motors 2008EV electric car market, in addition, BYD E6, Chang BenBen i, Qi Rui Ruiqi M1-EV, Hafei leopard and other game plans electric cars in the domestic market in 2010.
Canada strongly supported the national electric cars, plug-in hybrid development, recently began large-scale domestic car charging station building, which have contributed to the growth of automotive lithium battery market. The current cost of lithium battery is about 3000-4000 yuan / kWh, and the new introduction of state subsidies on pure electric passenger cars and plug-in hybrid vehicle subsidy standard is 3000 yuan / kWh. Ni-MH battery is the non-plug-in hybrids mainstream, but if the costs can be reduced, lithium batteries are also expected to be further applied to non-plug-in hybrid vehicles, many vendors have been intended. Changan Automobile since the second half of 2010 will make its hybrid vehicles use nickel batteries used lithium ion batteries Sony VGP-BPS9 VGP-BPS10 .
Foreign enterprises to enter the domestic market vehicle lithium manner
Foreign battery makers and domestic enterprises to establish joint venture development vehicle of pure electric and plug-in hybrid cars. The development of such cars has just started to pay more R & D costs, take more market risk. SAIC and the lithium battery maker A123 System, a joint venture company vehicle battery system. SAIC plans to end 2012 general hybrid cars, by the end of 2012 launch plug-in hybrids, and launched in October 2012 of pure electric vehicles. South Korea Li-ion battery maker SK Energy, Korea Electric car maker CT & T Inc. [3] and Beijing, China Motor Corporation will establish a joint venture to produce and sell electric cars in China. Beijing Automotive’s new energy automotive technology lines to develop electric vehicle based.
Motorcycle, electric bike started the domestic auto makers, the lack of vehicle design and manufacturing experience, but also an urgent development and manufacturing experience with electric cars lithium battery manufacturers foreign auto joint ventures. May 8, Zongshen Power Battery Company and the Boston signed “Memorandum of Cooperation”, the two sides will power the battery pack and power systems integration to cooperate, the two sides plan to set up joint venture in Chongqing.
Weak hybrid systems [4] The development has been relatively mature, there are models in the hybrid system to load the weak domestic manufacturers of many strategies the next few years, bringing a large number of batteries purchased. Changan Automobile: In 2012, all own brand products to achieve the weak degree hybrid, and LG Chemical Co., Ltd. will provide assembly in Changan Automobile hybrid car batteries. SAIC upcoming year, “weak hybrid” cars Roewe 750 with a Johnson Controls-Saft’s lithium Hp Compaq 8510W battery .
Li-ion battery manufacturer EnerDel and domestic auto parts maker Wanxiang Group cooperation, access to special areas of electric vehicles. The two sides will set up joint venture production of automotive batteries and battery systems, one of the objectives is the universal heavy-duty truck customers. Universal car parts in the field of heavy experience with a number of heavy vehicles manufacturers have a good partnership, and with the power battery development is also very interested in, and EnerDel’s main goal is to China’s heavy-duty car battery market. Currently the application of lithium batteries in the car, little heavy, but also in traditional power systems experience.
Combining the characteristics of local industries in China, also plans to build Boston batteries lithium diverse plant products. Boston lithium Dell XPS M1330 battery company’s production base in Chongqing, including not only the cause of car batteries, but also supplied to Chongqing enterprises in lithium battery electric bike, and the supply to the HP factory in Chongqing, the consumer electronics business with a lithium battery.
Comparison of the competitiveness of Chinese and foreign enterprises
Domestic enterprises in battery technology, and the battery management system, production process, there is still to be improved. Most cell companies do not have the domestic battery management system independent design and development capabilities, domestic battery management system developed in isolation on small-scale enterprises, and many other non-university research institutions and production quantities. Single battery car battery needs to be integrated, the key is to ensure the consistency of the battery. Although many domestic enterprises have production experience in lithium thinkpad x60 battery, but the manufacture of car batteries required for battery combination and consistency of the production process does not depend on the scale of investment and upgrading can be quickly obtained. Current pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids are small-scale pilot projects, large-scale production may experience problems. Nissan’s product consistency lithium technology took decades to finally complete.
More domestic enterprises to produce lithium-ion battery for electronic products started, extensive product portfolio, but the breakdown products of foreign companies to do better, can be targeted into the market. EnerDel, A123 system, SK Energy and other companies have set up a perfect power battery system, covered truck, aviation equipment, passenger cars, etc., and there have been various types of new energy vehicles for the characteristics of the VGP-BPS8 product line.
Chinese enterprises in the lithium battery industry chain has certain advantages, but the core components of the edge area of foreign enterprises. Relatively complete industrial chain of China Li-ion battery, domestic enterprises have long-term cooperation in upstream and downstream to form a stable relationship. BYD’s investment has been involved in battery industry has many elements, including core products cathode materials, electrolyte and battery components, automobile manufacturing, in addition the company has built power stations, and lithium ore resources in the study. The core material LiPF6 lithium electrolyte were Japanese and Korean business monopolies, domestic production of lithium battery separator has just begun. SK Group in the production of lithium-ion batteries VGP-BPS8 have gained considerable experience.
Government support may become the biggest advantage of battery manufacturers. 2010 state validated enterprise technical centers, including car batteries for the first time the scope of research and development. Forthcoming “new energy vehicle development plan”, the key parts localization rate may become important.
Prospects and recommendations
Other countries, the excess lithium capacity to enter China as soon as possible, intensified competition in the domestic market. Lithium power battery in Japan may have a lot of excess capacity. Many foreign battery manufacturers have stability in the international cross-border vehicle partners, these vehicle partners in China has launched a vehicle business, through their channels, will soon enter the market.
Speed up the domestic car battery to establish a unified standard. If every vehicle battery manufacturers have different standards, with initial orders for small, battery manufacturers is difficult to scale. Although the market has just started, the standard set up is very difficult, but needs to play a role in the League, to discuss the direction of development. 10 Chinese automakers formed an alliance made up of the standard T10 Working Group, jointly develop components for electric vehicles and vehicle standards.
In addition to vehicle manufacturers, the future of the domestic automobile manufacturers should also strengthen the lithium battery industry chain and R & D cooperation of other manufacturers. Compared with ordinary lithium batteries, lithium battery production car on the purity of raw materials, quality requirements are high, while domestic manufacturers of raw materials in many lithium battery just entering the field. In order to improve battery life mileage, in addition to start from the battery itself, but also can optimize the body material, to improve efficiency, driving motor to achieve, and these areas also need to improve domestic technology.
Passenger demand the release of lithium batteries will take some time, large-scale mass production there are some difficulties, firms should diversify product segments, to pursue other market opportunities. As consumer habits, costs, and infrastructure and other reasons, the popularity of electric passenger vehicles will spread slowly, while public utility vehicle market due to the Government to promote more likely to develop. In addition to motor vehicles, power lithium battery can be applied in many fields, such as network storage market. China’s first wind, and optical storage can be integrated demonstration projects to start the first quarter of 2010, plans to invest 20 billion yuan total, BYD Li-ion battery energy storage has won one item 1MW
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